BIM and energy models as key inputs in the LEGOFIT platform

Nowadays, BIM and energy models play a central role across the entire AEC sector, and the LEGOFIT platform is no exception. Within this project, several key aspects are central to the process, including interoperability between different digital tools. BIM models embody this functionality, when paired with energy modeling technologies, they can support different sustainable renovation scenarios.

The LEGOFIT platform is based on different tools and services that, when combined, support the renovation of different pilots. The BIM model serves as the platform’s primary input.

BIM stands for Building Information Modeling, which means that a building is designed in a 3D BIM, or Building Information Modeling, involves creating a 3D digital representation of a building. This model combines both geometry and data, enabling a comprehensive visualization of the building. It supports different disciplines, such as architecture, structural engineering, and MEP (Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing), which collaborate to achieve a complete and accurate representation of the building.

In general, BIM offers several advantages:

  • For new constructions, it enables the creation of a virtual model before actual on-site work begins;
  • It facilitates clash detection, allowing different disciplines to identify and resolve potential conflicts and interferences;
  • It provides extensive data and information about the building;
  • For historical buildings, it can support heritage conservation and valorization efforts;
  • Most importantly, BIM relies on the universal IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) file format. Developed by buildingSMART International, IFC is an open format that all major 3D modeling software can import and export.

In this context, the importance of BIM in LEGOFIT becomes even clearer. Specifically, the project involves both new construction pilots and older residential buildings. 

For new construction, it is common to already have a BIM model, which was also the case in LEGOFIT.

To create a BIM model for buildings without one, the project follows a structured process with these main steps:

First, a data collection of each building was developed. Detailed information on each building was gathered, including data on the building envelope, HVAC systems, and energy performance. This step is often the most challenging, as older buildings frequently lack accurate or updated information; original plans and elevations may not match the “as-built” structure.

For cases where information was lacking, a Scan2BIM process was implemented. Using the Matterport camera, we obtained a 3D virtual tour and a point cloud of the space. This step was essential because it:

  • Educes survey time,
  • Provides a 3D virtual tour of the building,
  • Enables precise measurements,
  • Delivers an accurate representation of the building,
  • Creates an interoperable BIM file,
  • Provides a BIM model that can support future retrofits, maintenance, and predictive simulations.

In LEGOFIT, a suite of innovative, BIM-based tools plays a central role, with BIM serving as a unifying element that meets the various needs of each tool and provides a common foundation.

After the initial steps, the final critical component is the output of the BIM model. Within the project, the energy model is also essential, as it develops the physics-based digital twin of each pilot building. These digital twins allow for a comparison with the initial simulated energy performance, highlighting any performance gaps. This information is then applied across multiple areas, helping pilot building owners make informed decisions on predictive maintenance and management.